During leaf development, chloroplasts are formed by the binary fission of pre-existing plastids (1); thus, replication of chloroplast DNA (ctDNA) must occur to maintain an adequate amount in each organelle. The levels of ...

Accumulating evidence points to chloroplasts as the site of nitrite and sulfate reduction and incorporation into carbon skeletons [I] Furthermore, several enzymes of aspartate-family amino acid biosynthesis recently have ...

This chapter describes procedures for the purification of chloroplasts using silica sols. Silica sols have two major advantages as media for density gradients—namely, low viscosity and negligible osmotic potential, allowing ...

During high salinity stress, β-alanine accumulates to high levels in the sea anemone,Bunodosoma cavernata. Following a salinity increase from 26‰ to 40‰ β-alanine increased 28-fold from 1.5 to 41.9 μmoles/g dry weight. ...

Light-driven incorporation of [14C]leucine (LEU) into protein in isolated pea chloroplasts was inhibited by 0.1 and 1 mM lysine (LYS), 0.1–10 mM threonine (THR) and 1 mM methionine (MET). Equimolar combinations of LYS plus ...

In the last decade, it has become clear that the chloroplast is the main site, if not the sole site, for the biosynthesis of the nutritionally essential aspartate-derived amino acids (Fig. 1) in plant leaves [1,2]. For ...