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  Anaerobic Biotransformation of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene and 2,6-Dinitotoluene by Clostridium acetobutylicum: A Pathway through Dihydroxylamino-Intermediates 

  Zhang, Carl (Environmental Science and Technology, 1999)

  Experiments were conducted to isolate and identify the intermediates and products of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene metabolism by Clostridium acetobutylicum. Transformation of both dinitrotoluenes initially ...
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  Toxic Effects of Hydroxylamino intermediates on Algae Selanastrum capricornutum 

  Zhang, Carl (Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 2000)

  The freshwater green alga, Selenastrum capricornutum, was used to examine the toxicity of hydroxylamine intermediates of trinitrotoluene (TNT) and dinitrotoluenes (DNTs) formed during microbial transformation. Three ...
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  Low Aqueous Electron Donors for the Reduction of Nitroaromatics in Anaerobic Sediments 

  Zhang, Carl (Journal of Containment Hydrology, 1999)

  Studies are presented investigating the ability to enhance aryl nitro-reduction processes in sediments through electron donor addition. In particular, high molecular weight (starch and guar gum) and/or low aqueous solubility ...
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  Fate of TNT an TNT-Transformed Products in Mixed Aerobic Cultures 

  Zhang, Carl (Bioremediation Journal, 1998)

  The fate of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and TNT transformation products in two aerobic enrichment cultures was investigated. Contaminant fate was assessed through analysis of TNT and its oxygen-stable aminated derivatives ...
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  Surfactant Screening for Soil Washing: Comparison of Foamability and Biodegradability of a Plant-Based Surfactant with Commercial Surfactants 

  Zhang, Carl (Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 1998)

  Biodegradable natural surfactants obtained from plants can be an attractive alternative to synthetic surfactants in the remediation of contaminated soils. In this research, a plant-based surfactant obtained from the fruit ...

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